Misc JS Tricks & Relevant Info
Tip
AWS ν΄νΉ λ°°μ°κΈ° λ° μ°μ΅νκΈ°:
HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
GCP ν΄νΉ λ°°μ°κΈ° λ° μ°μ΅νκΈ°:HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)
Azure ν΄νΉ λ°°μ°κΈ° λ° μ°μ΅νκΈ°:
HackTricks Training Azure Red Team Expert (AzRTE)
HackTricks μ§μνκΈ°
- ꡬλ κ³ν νμΈνκΈ°!
- **π¬ λμ€μ½λ κ·Έλ£Ή λλ ν λ κ·Έλ¨ κ·Έλ£Ήμ μ°Έμ¬νκ±°λ νΈμν° π¦ @hacktricks_liveλ₯Ό νλ‘μ°νμΈμ.
- HackTricks λ° HackTricks Cloud κΉνλΈ λ¦¬ν¬μ§ν 리μ PRμ μ μΆνμ¬ ν΄νΉ νΈλ¦μ 곡μ νμΈμ.
Javascript Fuzzing
μ ν¨ν JS μ£Όμ λ¬Έμ
//This is a 1 line comment
/* This is a multiline comment*/
#!This is a 1 line comment, but "#!" must to be at the beggining of the line
-->This is a 1 line comment, but "-->" must to be at the beggining of the line
for (let j = 0; j < 128; j++) {
for (let k = 0; k < 128; k++) {
for (let l = 0; l < 128; l++) {
if (j == 34 || k ==34 || l ==34)
continue;
if (j == 0x0a || k ==0x0a || l ==0x0a)
continue;
if (j == 0x0d || k ==0x0d || l ==0x0d)
continue;
if (j == 0x3c || k ==0x3c || l ==0x3c)
continue;
if (
(j == 47 && k == 47)
||(k == 47 && l == 47)
)
continue;
try {
var cmd = String.fromCharCode(j) + String.fromCharCode(k) + String.fromCharCode(l) + 'a.orange.ctf"';
eval(cmd);
} catch(e) {
var err = e.toString().split('\n')[0].split(':')[0];
if (err === 'SyntaxError' || err === "ReferenceError")
continue
err = e.toString().split('\n')[0]
}
console.log(err,cmd);
}
}
}
//From: https://balsn.tw/ctf_writeup/20191012-hitconctfquals/#bounty-pl33z
// From: Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 43). Kindle Edition.
log=[];
for(let i=0;i<=0xff;i++){
for(let j=0;j<=0xfff;j++){
try {
eval(`${String.fromCodePoint(i,j)}%$Β£234$`)
log.push([i,j])
}catch(e){}
}
}
console.log(log)//[35,33],[47,47]
μ ν¨ν JS μ μ€ λ¬Έμ
//Javascript interpret as new line these chars:
String.fromCharCode(10) //0x0a
String.fromCharCode(13) //0x0d
String.fromCharCode(8232) //0xe2 0x80 0xa8
String.fromCharCode(8233) //0xe2 0x80 0xa8
for (let j = 0; j < 65536; j++) {
try {
var cmd = '"aaaaa";' + String.fromCharCode(j) + '-->a.orange.ctf"'
eval(cmd)
} catch (e) {
var err = e.toString().split("\n")[0].split(":")[0]
if (err === "SyntaxError" || err === "ReferenceError") continue
err = e.toString().split("\n")[0]
}
console.log(`[${err}]`, j, cmd)
}
//From: https://balsn.tw/ctf_writeup/20191012-hitconctfquals/#bounty-pl33z
μ ν¨ν JS 곡백 ν¨μ νΈμΆ
// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 40-41). Kindle Edition.
// Check chars that can be put in between in func name and the ()
function x(){}
log=[];
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
try {
eval(`x${String.fromCodePoint(i)}()`)
log.push(i)
}catch(e){}
}
console.log(log)v//9,10,11,12,13,32,160,5760,8192,8193,8194,8195,8196,8197,8198,8199,8200,8201,8202,813 232,8233,8239,8287,12288,65279
λ¬Έμμ΄ μμ±μ μν μ ν¨ν λ¬Έμ
// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 41-42). Kindle Edition.
// Check which pairs of chars can make something be a valid string
log = []
for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
try {
eval(`${String.fromCodePoint(i)}%$Β£234${String.fromCodePoint(i)}`)
log.push(i)
} catch (e) {}
}
console.log(log) //34,39,47,96
//single quote, quotes, backticks & // (regex)
Surrogate Pairs BF
μ΄ κΈ°μ μ XSSμλ κ·Έλ€μ§ μ μ©νμ§ μμ§λ§ WAF 보νΈλ₯Ό μ°ννλ λ° μ μ©ν μ μμ΅λλ€. μ΄ νμ΄μ¬ μ½λλ 2λ°μ΄νΈλ₯Ό μ λ ₯μΌλ‘ λ°μλ€μ΄κ³ , 첫 λ²μ§Έ λ°μ΄νΈκ° νμ΄ μλ¬κ²μ΄νΈ μμ λ§μ§λ§ λ°μ΄νΈμ΄κ³ λ§μ§λ§ λ°μ΄νΈκ° λ‘μ° μλ¬κ²μ΄νΈ μμ λ§μ§λ§ λ°μ΄νΈμΈ μλ¬κ²μ΄νΈ μμ κ²μν©λλ€.
def unicode(findHex):
for i in range(0,0xFFFFF):
H = hex(int(((i - 0x10000) / 0x400) + 0xD800))
h = chr(int(H[-2:],16))
L = hex(int(((i - 0x10000) % 0x400 + 0xDC00)))
l = chr(int(L[-2:],16))
if(h == findHex[0]) and (l == findHex[1]):
print(H.replace("0x","\\u")+L.replace("0x","\\u"))
javascript{}: νλ‘ν μ½ νΌμ§
// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 34). Kindle Edition.
log=[];
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
anchor.href = `javascript${String.fromCodePoint(i)}:`;
if(anchor.protocol === 'javascript:') {
log.push(i);
}
}
console.log(log)//9,10,13,58
// Note that you could BF also other possitions of the use of multiple chars
// Test one option
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = `javascript${String.fromCodePoint(58)}:alert(1337)`;
anchor.append('Click me')
document.body.append(anchor)
// Another way to test
<a href="javascript:alert(1337)">Test</a>
URL νΌμ§
// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 36-37). Kindle Edition.
// Before the protocol
a = document.createElement("a")
log = []
for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
a.href = `${String.fromCodePoint(i)}https://hacktricks.wiki`
if (a.hostname === "hacktricks.xyz") {
log.push(i)
}
}
console.log(log) //0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32
// Between the slashes
a = document.createElement("a")
log = []
for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
a.href = `/${String.fromCodePoint(i)}/hacktricks.xyz`
if (a.hostname === "hacktricks.xyz") {
log.push(i)
}
}
console.log(log) //9,10,13,47,92
HTML νΌμ§
// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 38). Kindle Edition.
// Fuzzing chars that can close an HTML comment
let log = []
let div = document.createElement("div")
for (let i = 0; i <= 0x10ffff; i++) {
div.innerHTML = `<!----${String.fromCodePoint(i)}><span></span>-->`
if (div.querySelector("span")) {
log.push(i)
}
}
console.log(log) //33,45,62
μμ± λΆμ
Portswiggerμ λꡬ Hackability inspectorλ μλ°μ€ν¬λ¦½νΈ κ°μ²΄μ μμ±μ λΆμνλ λ° λμμ μ€λλ€. νμΈνμΈμ: https://portswigger-labs.net/hackability/inspector/?input=x.contentWindow&html=%3Ciframe%20src=//subdomain1.portswigger-labs.net%20id=x%3E
.map js νμΌ
- .map js νμΌμ λ€μ΄λ‘λνλ νΈλ¦: https://medium.com/@bitthebyte/javascript-for-bug-bounty-hunters-part-2-f82164917e7
- μ΄ λꡬλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ μ΄λ¬ν νμΌμ λΆμν μ μμ΅λλ€ https://github.com/paazmaya/shuji
βββ ν λΉ
κ°μ μ°μ°μ --λ ν λΉμ΄κΈ°λ ν©λλ€. μ΄ μ°μ°μλ κ°μ κ°μ Έμ¨ λ€μ 1λ§νΌ κ°μμν΅λλ€. κ·Έ κ°μ΄ μ«μκ° μλ κ²½μ° NaNμΌλ‘ μ€μ λ©λλ€. μ΄λ νκ²½μμ λ³μμ λ΄μ©μ μ κ±°νλ λ° μ¬μ©λ μ μμ΅λλ€.
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ν¨μ νΈλ¦
.call λ° .apply
ν¨μμ .call λ©μλλ ν¨μλ₯Ό μ€ννλ λ° μ¬μ©λ©λλ€.
κΈ°λ³Έμ μΌλ‘ κΈ°λνλ 첫 λ²μ§Έ μΈμλ thisμ κ°μ΄λ©°, μ무κ²λ μ 곡λμ§ μμΌλ©΄ **window**κ° κ·Έ κ°μ΄ λ©λλ€(λ¨, **strict mode**κ° μ¬μ©λμ§ μλ ν).
function test_call() {
console.log(this.value) //baz
}
new_this = { value: "hey!" }
test_call.call(new_this)
// To pass more arguments, just pass then inside .call()
function test_call() {
console.log(arguments[0]) //"arg1"
console.log(arguments[1]) //"arg2"
console.log(this) //[object Window]
}
test_call.call(null, "arg1", "arg2")
// If you use the "use strict" directive "this" will be null instead of window:
function test_call() {
"use strict"
console.log(this) //null
}
test_call.call(null)
//The apply function is pretty much exactly the same as the call function with one important difference, you can supply an array of arguments in the second argument:
function test_apply() {
console.log(arguments[0]) //"arg1"
console.log(arguments[1]) //"arg2"
console.log(this) //[object Window]
}
test_apply.apply(null, ["arg1", "arg2"])
νμ΄ν ν¨μ
νμ΄ν ν¨μλ ν¨μλ₯Ό ν μ€λ‘ λ μ½κ² μμ±ν μ μκ² ν΄μ€λλ€(μ΄ν΄νκ³ μλ€λ©΄).
// Traditional
function (a){ return a + 1; }
// Arrow forms
a => a + 100;
a => {a + 100};
// Traditional
function (a, b){ return a + b + 1; }
// Arrow
(a, b) => a + b + 100;
// Tradictional no args
let a = 4;
let b = 2;
function (){ return a + b + 1; }
// Arrow
let a = 4;
let b = 2;
() => a + b + 1;
κ·Έλμ μ΄μ μ λλΆλΆμ ν¨μλ μ€μ λ‘ μΈλͺ¨κ° μμ΅λλ€. μλνλ©΄ μ°λ¦¬λ κ·Έκ²λ€μ μ μ₯νκ³ νΈμΆν κ³³μ΄ μκΈ° λλ¬Έμ
λλ€. μλ₯Ό λ€μ΄ plusone ν¨μλ₯Ό μμ±νλ κ²μ
λλ€:
// Traductional
function plusone(a) {
return a + 1
}
//Arrow
plusone = (a) => a + 100
Bind ν¨μ
bind ν¨μλ this κ°μ²΄μ μ£Όμ΄μ§ λ§€κ°λ³μλ₯Ό μμ νμ¬ ν¨μμ 볡μ¬λ³Έμ μμ±ν μ μκ² ν΄μ€λλ€.
//This will use the this object and print "Hello World"
var fn = function (param1, param2) {
console.info(this, param1, param2)
}
fn("Hello", "World")
//This will still use the this object and print "Hello World"
var copyFn = fn.bind()
copyFn("Hello", "World")
//This will use the "console" object as "this" object inside the function and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
var bindFn_change = fn.bind(console, "fixingparam1")
bindFn_change("Hello", "World")
//This will still use the this object and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
var bindFn_thisnull = fn.bind(null, "fixingparam1")
bindFn_change("Hello", "World")
//This will still use the this object and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
var bindFn_this = fn.bind(this, "fixingparam1")
bindFn_change("Hello", "World")
Note
**
bind**λ₯Ό μ¬μ©νλ©΄ ν¨μλ₯Ό νΈμΆν λ μ¬μ©λthisκ°μ²΄λ₯Ό μ‘°μν μ μμ΅λλ€.
ν¨μ μ½λ μ μΆ
ν¨μμ κ°μ²΄μ μ κ·Όν μ μλ€λ©΄ ν΄λΉ ν¨μμ μ½λλ₯Ό κ°μ Έμ¬ μ μμ΅λλ€.
function afunc() {
return 1 + 1
}
console.log(afunc.toString()) //This will print the code of the function
console.log(String(afunc)) //This will print the code of the function
console.log(this.afunc.toString()) //This will print the code of the function
console.log(global.afunc.toString()) //This will print the code of the function
μ΄λ¦μ΄ μλ ν¨μμ κ²½μ°μλ λ΄λΆμμ ν¨μ μ½λλ₯Ό μ¬μ ν μΆλ ₯ν μ μμ΅λλ€:
;(function () {
return arguments.callee.toString()
})()(function () {
return arguments[0]
})("arg0")
λ€λ₯Έ ν¨μμμ ν¨μμ μ½λ(μ£Όμ ν¬ν¨)λ₯Ό μΆμΆνλ λͺ κ°μ§ 무μμ λ°©λ²:
;(function () {
return (retFunc) => String(arguments[0])
})((a) => {
/* Hidden commment */
})()(function () {
return (retFunc) => Array(arguments[0].toString())
})((a) => {
/* Hidden commment */
})()(function () {
return String(this)
}).bind(() => {
/* Hidden commment */
})()((u) => String(u))((_) => {
/* Hidden commment */
})((u) => (_) => String(u))((_) => {
/* Hidden commment */
})()
Sandbox Escape - Recovering window object
Window κ°μ²΄λ alert λλ evalκ³Ό κ°μ μ μμ μΌλ‘ μ μλ ν¨μμ μ κ·Όν μ μκ² ν΄μ€λλ€.
// Some ways to access window
window.eval("alert(1)")
frames
globalThis
parent
self
top //If inside a frame, this is top most window
// Access window from document
document.defaultView.alert(1)
// Access document from a node object
node = document.createElement('div')
node.ownerDocument.defaultView.alert(1)
// There is a path property on each error event whose last element is the window
<img src onerror=event.path.pop().alert(1337)>
// In other browsers the method is
<img src onerror=event.composedPath().pop().alert(1337)>
// In case of svg, the "event" object is called "evt"
<svg><image href=1 onerror=evt.composedPath().pop().alert(1337)>
// Abusing Error.prepareStackTrace to get Window back
Error.prepareStackTrace=function(error, callSites){
2 callSites.shift().getThis().alert(1337);
3 };
4 new Error().stack
// From an HTML event
// Events from HTML are executed in this context
with(document) {
with(element) {
//executed event
}
}
// Because of that with(document) it's possible to access properties of document like:
<img src onerror=defaultView.alert(1337)>
<img src onerror=s=createElement('script');s.append('alert(1337)');appendChild(s)>
κ° μ κ·Ό μ μ€λ¨μ
// Stop when a property in sessionStorage or localStorage is set/get
// via getItem or setItem functions
sessionStorage.getItem = localStorage.getItem = function (prop) {
debugger
return sessionStorage[prop]
}
localStorage.setItem = function (prop, val) {
debugger
localStorage[prop] = val
}
// Stop when anyone sets or gets the property "ppmap" in any object
// For example sessionStorage.ppmap
// "123".ppmap
// Useful to find where weird properties are being set or accessed
// or to find where prototype pollutions are occurring
function debugAccess(obj, prop, debugGet = true) {
var origValue = obj[prop]
Object.defineProperty(obj, prop, {
get: function () {
if (debugGet) debugger
return origValue
},
set: function (val) {
debugger
origValue = val
},
})
}
debugAccess(Object.prototype, "ppmap")
μλ λΈλΌμ°μ μ‘μΈμ€λ₯Ό ν΅ν νμ΄λ‘λ ν μ€νΈ
//Taken from https://github.com/svennergr/writeups/blob/master/inti/0621/README.md
const puppeteer = require("puppeteer")
const realPasswordLength = 3000
async function sleep(ms) {
return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms))
}
;(async () => {
const browser = await puppeteer.launch()
const page = await browser.newPage()
//Loop to iterate through different values
for (let i = 0; i < 10000; i += 100) {
console.log(`Run number ${i}`)
const input = `${"0".repeat(i)}${realPasswordLength}`
console.log(
` https://challenge-0621.intigriti.io/passgen.php?passwordLength=${input}&allowNumbers=true&allowSymbols=true×tamp=1624556811000`
)
//Go to the page
await page.goto(
`https://challenge-0621.intigriti.io/passgen.php?passwordLength=${input}&allowNumbers=true&allowSymbols=true×tamp=1624556811000`
)
//Call function "generate()" inside the page
await page.evaluate("generate()")
//Get node inner text from an HTML element
const passwordContent = await page.$$eval(
".alert .page-content",
(node) => node[0].innerText
)
//Transform the content and print it in console
const plainPassword = passwordContent.replace("Your password is: ", "")
if (plainPassword.length != realPasswordLength) {
console.log(i, plainPassword.length, plainPassword)
}
await sleep(1000)
}
await browser.close()
})()
Tip
AWS ν΄νΉ λ°°μ°κΈ° λ° μ°μ΅νκΈ°:
HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
GCP ν΄νΉ λ°°μ°κΈ° λ° μ°μ΅νκΈ°:HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)
Azure ν΄νΉ λ°°μ°κΈ° λ° μ°μ΅νκΈ°:
HackTricks Training Azure Red Team Expert (AzRTE)
HackTricks μ§μνκΈ°
- ꡬλ κ³ν νμΈνκΈ°!
- **π¬ λμ€μ½λ κ·Έλ£Ή λλ ν λ κ·Έλ¨ κ·Έλ£Ήμ μ°Έμ¬νκ±°λ νΈμν° π¦ @hacktricks_liveλ₯Ό νλ‘μ°νμΈμ.
- HackTricks λ° HackTricks Cloud κΉνλΈ λ¦¬ν¬μ§ν 리μ PRμ μ μΆνμ¬ ν΄νΉ νΈλ¦μ 곡μ νμΈμ.


