Basic Forensic Methodology

Creating and Mounting an Image

Image Acquisition & Mount

Malware Analysis

This isn't necessary the first step to perform once you have the image. But you can use this malware analysis techniques independently if you have a file, a file-system image, memory image, pcap... so it's good to keep these actions in mind:

Malware Analysis

Inspecting an Image

if you are given a forensic image of a device you can start analyzing the partitions, file-system used and recovering potentially interesting files (even deleted ones). Learn how in:

Partitions/File Systems/Carving

Depending on the used OSs and even platform different interesting artifacts should be searched:

Windows Artifacts

Linux Forensics

Docker Forensics

Deep inspection of specific file-types and Software

If you have very suspicious file, then depending on the file-type and software that created it several tricks may be useful.
Read the following page to learn some interesting tricks:

Specific Software/File-Type Tricks

I want to do a special mention to the page:

Browser Artifacts

Memory Dump Inspection

Memory dump analysis

Pcap Inspection

Pcap Inspection

Anti-Forensic Techniques

Keep in mind the possible use of anti-forensic techniques:

Anti-Forensic Techniques

Threat Hunting

Baseline Monitoring