Types of MSSQL Users

Reading time: 3 minutes

tip

Learn & practice AWS Hacking:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)

Support HackTricks

Table taken from the docs.

Column nameData typeDescription
namesysnameName of principal, unique within the database.
principal_idintID of principal, unique within the database.
typechar(1)

Principal type:

A = Application role

C = User mapped to a certificate

E = External user from Azure Active Directory

G = Windows group

K = User mapped to an asymmetric key

R = Database role

S = SQL user

U = Windows user

X = External group from Azure Active Directory group or applications

type_descnvarchar(60)

Description of principal type.

APPLICATION_ROLE

CERTIFICATE_MAPPED_USER

EXTERNAL_USER

WINDOWS_GROUP

ASYMMETRIC_KEY_MAPPED_USER

DATABASE_ROLE

SQL_USER

WINDOWS_USER

EXTERNAL_GROUPS

default_schema_namesysnameName to be used when SQL name does not specify a schema. Null for principals not of type S, U, or A.
create_datedatetimeTime at which the principal was created.
modify_datedatetimeTime at which the principal was last modified.
owning_principal_idintID of the principal that owns this principal. All fixed Database Roles are owned by dbo by default.
sidvarbinary(85)SID (Security Identifier) of the principal. NULL for SYS and INFORMATION SCHEMAS.
is_fixed_rolebitIf 1, this row represents an entry for one of the fixed database roles: db_owner, db_accessadmin, db_datareader, db_datawriter, db_ddladmin, db_securityadmin, db_backupoperator, db_denydatareader, db_denydatawriter.
authentication_typeint

Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.

Signifies authentication type. The following are the possible values and their descriptions.

0 : No authentication
1 : Instance authentication
2 : Database authentication
3 : Windows authentication
4 : Azure Active Directory authentication

authentication_type_descnvarchar(60)

Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.

Description of the authentication type. The following are the possible values and their descriptions.

NONE : No authentication
INSTANCE : Instance authentication
DATABASE : Database authentication
WINDOWS : Windows authentication
EXTERNAL: Azure Active Directory authentication

default_language_namesysname

Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.

Signifies the default language for this principal.

default_language_lcidint

Applies to: SQL Server 2012 (11.x) and later.

Signifies the default LCID for this principal.

allow_encrypted_value_modificationsbit

Applies to: SQL Server 2016 (13.x) and later, SQL Database.

Suppresses cryptographic metadata checks on the server in bulk copy operations. This enables the user to bulk copy data encrypted using Always Encrypted, between tables or databases, without decrypting the data. The default is OFF.

tip

Learn & practice AWS Hacking:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)

Support HackTricks